Aluminum requires a zinc chromate primer to properly adhere. To sand, we use 180, 220, and 320 in the body shop. Oxidation will have to be removed prior to priming. A high pressure blower should be enough to clean dust off, but if you feel like it needs to be wiped down, use acetone then make sure it's dry. Vinegar can have other additives that can affect the paint.
I did a very similar method to my boat. Cleaned the hull with Scotchbrite pad & dawn dish soap to remove any grease/oil, rinsed off & dry, wiped the entire hull with vinegar & then I washed & dried the boat one last time before using the self etching primer. I painted the boat in October & so far no paint has peeled or flaked of yet. I painted directly over the primer so only time will tell if I did things right.